when stopped by police. Very rarely is a stop and identify statute called as such. If you cannot afford a private lawyer, you should advise the judge of this fact at your first appearance or as soon as possible. The victim can recover either $5,000 or 3 times his or her actual losses, whichever is greater, as well as attorney fees and court costs. How to Rent a Home with a Roommate (& Not Get Taken Advantage of), Psychology of Totalitarianism Hardcover by Mattias Desmet, The Real Anthony Fauci: Bill Gates, Big Pharma, and By: Robert F. Kennedy Jr, Common Law & Natural Rights The Question of Conservative Foundations, The Surprising Charges of Sam Bankman-Freid Include Conspiracy, and Campaign Finance Fraud, Public Opinion on How Jury Compensation Can Be Improved, Parkland Shooter, Nikolas Cruz, Will Face Life in Prison (But not the death penalty), Missouri and Louisiana Sue Biden Administration For Creating a Censorship Enterprise, Judge Overturns NYs Gun-free Zones Calling them Unconstitutional, Cymroglyphics- Reading Egyptian Hieroglyphics, Besoroth- The Four Gospels- With Hebraic Concepts, Strongs Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible (2 Versions Available). Unfortunately, most people dont think a lot about laws unless they have a reason to. Such laws attempt to address issues such as loitering, panhandling, and public drunkenness by unhoused individuals or persons who have no visible means of support. Ohio does not require the person's intended destination. Is it generally a good idea to simply give an officer your name or identification upon request? [50] Nonetheless, some cite Long in maintaining that refusal to present written identification constitutes obstructing an officer. Law enforcements decision to stop, frisk, and require a person to identify his or her self should be based on reasonable, articulable facts that lead the officer to believe that there is a need to stop a person and investigate., Law enforcements decision to stop, frisk, and require a person to identify his or her self should be based on reasonable, articulable facts that lead the officer to believe that there is a need to stop a person and investigate., For example, if an officer sees a person dressed in all black peeking through the windows of a home at night, it would be reasonable for that officer to decide to stop that person to determine if a crime is being committed or is in the process of being committed. Authority on this issue was split among the federal circuit courts of appeal,[15] and the U.S. Supreme Court twice expressly refused to address the question. Nevada law, which requires a person to "identify himself or herself", apparently requires only that the person state their name. Many states have made it illegal to refuse to provide certain identifying information to a law enforcement officer when the officer has properly requested it. In conclusion, the goal of this study was to update the view on stop and identify statutes, and which states should be classified as stop and identify states. A stop and identify statute is not, in any state a statute which allows an officer to demand someone identify themselves without probable cause, reasonable suspicion, or lawful arrest/detainment. The Nevada Supreme Court interpreted "identify" under the state's law to mean merely stating one's name. 490 | Casetext Search + Citator", "What is a Stop and Identify Statute? These laws are commonly referred to as "stop-and-identify" laws. For example, these countries have laws that require pedestrians, drivers, and passengers to produce their licence (for drivers) or state their name, address, etc. If you do not have the requested information, verbal identification will be requested. Follow Trials and Court Cases as they unfold. For more information about the legal concepts addressed by these cases and statutes, visit FindLaw's Learn About the Law. Instead, a failure to do so bears on the reasonableness of the officers' overall behaviors, including, as the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit noted in Atkinson v. A wide variety of documents can be used to establish identity including driver's licenses, state ID's, Social Security cards, gun permits, state hunting permits, utility bills, bank statements, and more. How many stop and identify states are there? $50 fine for your second offense. 1373(c). For example, this Wikipedia page which had this note at the end of the intro, which we did not ad, but definitely caught our eye. Police may suspect involvement in a crime, but may lack knowledge of any "specific and articulable facts"[8] that would justify a detention or arrest, and hope to obtain these facts from the questioning. As previously discussed, a law enforcement officer must have reasonable, articulable suspicion that a crime has occurred or is about to occur. (3)Engages in, or is about to engage in, any solicitation or collection of funds or other property for the charitable organization through the use of any scheme or plan, including any device or artifice, to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by means of false pretense, representation, or promises. Seven states (Arizona, Florida, Indiana, Louisiana, New Mexico, Ohio, and Vermont) explicitly impose a criminal penalty for noncompliance with the obligation to identify oneself. But in People v. Long,[49] decided four years after Kolender, a California appellate court found no constitutional impropriety in a police officer's demand for written identification from a detainee whom they reasonably suspect of having committed a crime. A state trooper observed that a headlight on defendants automobile was defective. In Terry v. Ohio, the U.S. Supreme Court established that police may conduct a limited search for weapons (known as a "frisk") if the police reasonably suspect that the person to be detained may be armed and dangerous. Subject: Immigration Law. Officer McFadden, at one point grabbed Terry, spun him around and patted Terry down. [18] But it is not always obvious when a detention becomes an arrest. Law enforcement officers routinely ask people for their names and other identifying information. Which to this date does not have a stop and identify statute. Additionally Henes v. Morrissey held that a detained person not providing their name isn't on its own a violation of 946.41 Resisting or obstructing officer as the act of not identifying oneself is not a false statement with intent to mislead the officer in the performance of their duty. Resisting an officer A. Resisting an officer is the intentional interference with, opposition or resistance to, or obstruction of an individual acting in his official capacity and authorized by law to make a lawful arrest, lawful detention, or seizure of property or to serve any lawful process or court order when the offender knows or has . As a result, stop and identify laws are codified through various statute types. Connect with her on Facebook or at CRMAttorneys.com. (a) Duty of operator or pedestrian.--The operator of any vehicle or any pedestrian reason Good Samaritan Laws. This argument secured 4th amendment protections in the state of Washington. The U.S. Department of Labor's Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) published a final rule revising the regulations implementing Section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended (Section 503) at 41 CFR Part 60-741, on September 24, 2013. Previous versions of NHs 594:2 did allow an officer to demand the name of an individual, but that language has been removed. Alabama case law establishes that, in order to claim a lien for these "off site" items, it is necessary that the materials are furnished and the labor is performed on something that attaches to and becomes a part of the land, thereby substantially adding to its value. As of February 2011[update], the Supreme Court has not addressed the validity of requirements that a detainee provide information other than their name. In Texas, it is a crime to intentionally give an officer false or fictitious identifying information when the officer has: lawfully arrested you; lawfully detained you; or. In states that have stop-and-identify laws, the prosecutor has to prove two things in order to get a conviction: Before a police officer can properly stop a person and ask for identification, the officer must have a reasonable, articulable suspicion that a crime has occurred or is about to occur. Alabama Immigration Law (Act No. It is considered a felony. This means that the law does not adequately describe the activity that has been made criminal. Name, address, and an explanation of the person's actions; In some cases it also includes the person's intended destination, the person's date of birth (Indiana and Ohio), or written identification if available (Colorado). 968.24 empowers a law enforcement officer to stop and question 'in the vicinity where the person was stopped'. And as for Duty To Notify, that's covered in this part of the law right here: 5-73-315. Colorado "obstructing" law, Colorado Revised Statutes 18-8-104(1), reads, in relevant part. Giving false information is a Class B misdemeanor punishable by up to 180 days in jail and up to a $2,000 fine. Some states listed have "stop and ID" laws which may or may not require someone to identify themself during an investigative detention. Identifying information varies, but typically includes. For example, Pennsylvanias Title 34 904. which requires individuals to identify themselves to GAME officers, not law enforcement as a whole. Taylor's Law means a student's behavior in school starting at the age of 13 can make or break if they will receive a driver's license. Police officers are required to display and provide their identification on requestexcept when they aren't. Many of us believe that we can . Currently there are approximately 24 states that have so-called "stop and identify" laws that require citizens to provide their identification when asked by police. If a lawsuit is filed against you or someone you know and there is no legal . Provides that a person who knowingly or intentionally refuses to identify himself or herself to a law enforcement officer who has reasonable suspicion to believe that the person has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a crime commits failure to identify, a Class C misdemeanor. Seems I'd best start taking dancing lessons in case I'm ever asked to do so by a police officer. A reliance on Hiibel v. Sixth Jud. However, I will say that the larger issue is not the policies themselves but rather the grey area that they permit., This was worse before bodycams started to be used, but it is still an issue., Basically, I feel that having the right to pat down a suspect for a weapon or demand identification or stop at all creates another opportunity for an excuse to be found to justify an arrest after the fact. Police may also require people to identify themselves if they have reasonable grounds to believe that they have committed a crime. You can explore additional available newsletters here. Unfortunately, we dont live in an unbiased society. These laws are intended to give law enforcement the flexibility to investigate a threat to the community even when they dont know enough to make an arrest; they are supposed to be investigative tools. "Stop and identify" laws pertain to detentions. has good reason to believe you are a witness to a crime. "Stop and identify" statutes are laws in several U.S. states that authorize police[1] to lawfully order people whom they reasonably suspect of a crime to state their name. If you are not acquainted with a lawyer and have no lawyer whom you would call, you may contact the Alabama State Bar Lawyer Referral Service at 800-392-5660 or by going to the website of the Alabama State Bar. https://codes.findlaw.com/al/title-13a-criminal-code/al-code-sect-13a-9-76.html, Read this complete Alabama Code Title 13A. Which would render the term stop and identify statute useless. [39], Some courts have recognized a distinction authorizing police to demand identifying information and specifically imposing an obligation of a suspect to respond. 4 Once [443 U.S. 31, 40] respondent refused to identify himself as the presumptively valid ordinance required, the officer had probable cause to believe respondent was committing an offense in his presence, and Michigan's general arrest statute, Mich. Comp. For example, California "stop and identify" law, Penal Code 647(e) had wording[36][37][38] similar to the Nevada law upheld in Hiibel, but a California appellate court, in People v. Solomon (1973), 33 Cal.App.3d 429 construed the law to require "credible and reliable" identification that carries a "reasonable assurance" of its authenticity. (b) A person commits an offense if he intentionally gives a false or fictitious name, residence address, or date of birth to a peace officer who has: (1) lawfully arrested the person; (2) lawfully detained the person; or (3) requested the information from a person that the peace officer has good cause to believe is a witness to a criminal offense. On June 23, 2022, the Supreme Court of the United States voted six to three in the decision Vega v. Tekoh that police may not be sued for failing to administer Miranda warning. It's against the law to lie, so the best thing is to not say anything at all.. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_and_Identify_statutes#States_with_.E2.80.9Cstop-and-identify.E2.80.9D_statutes Logged Frisking a suspect briefly for a weapon, and penalizing him for not showing or disclosing his identification are two separate things. 2 Product Liability: Warnings, Instructions, and Recalls Alabama Elements of the Duty The existence of a legal duty is a question of law for the court. Finally, we found 1 state which should no longer be considered a stop and identify state. As long as a law enforcement officer's detention (stop) of a person is legal, the officer is always free to ask questions. The district attorney or any assistant district attorney, or any other person responsible for administering this subpart, shall initiate prosecution for violation of this provision by making affidavit for a warrant to be issued by any officer authorized to issue warrants. Are Terry stops, stop and frisk, and stop and identify laws a violation of peoples rights, or are they simply a necessary part of enforcing the law? In the case of Utah v. Strieff (2016), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that an officer's stop of Edward Strieff and his demand for identification from Strieff was unlawful under Utah state law, but that the evidence collected pursuant to the stop was admissible due to the determination that Strieff was subject to a pre-existing arrest warrant. In Alabama (11th circuit) there is no specific law requiring the passenger to ID, but that's about all about Alabama. App. While Wisconsin statutes allow law enforcement officers to "demand" ID, there is no statutory requirement to provide them ID nor is there a penalty for refusing to; hence Wisconsin is not a must ID state. 2021 Legislative Law Changes ACT #2021-446 Effective 05/17/2021; subject Post-Election Audit. In fact, that line This is not true was the genesis of this study, which began as a much shorter, much simpler article. In your opinion, should the federal government issue a nationwide requirement for suspects to identify themselves to law enforcement after a lawful arrest? Penalties for violating Alabama's move over laws. Now, we would be remiss to talk about stop and identify statuettes and not bring up Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial District Court of Nevada, Humbolt County et al. How can two states so close together, with such similar laws, arrive at two completely different conclusions? Welcome to the Alabama Law section of FindLaw's State Law collection. After serving 19 [56] Conversely, West Virginia's courts decided that their resisting arrest statute did not include individuals who refused to identify themselves.[57]. As discussed above, in some states the person stopped must provide identification, while in other states the person stopped is not required to respond. Because people dont often know what an officer is investigating or what information he or she has or is looking for, failing to identify yourself could theoretically result in a charge for obstruction by hindering if identification is needed for the officer to lawfully discharge his or her duties., While I am sure that there must be some situation where its not advisable for a person to provide his or her name and identification to police, I cant think of any., In most instances refusal simply escalates a situation unnecessarily and sometimes results in arrests and all of the collateral consequences of arrestand they are going to be able to identify you at that point anyway, there is no win., It is also important that people who give their name and identifying information to law enforcement give the correct name and identifying information. 16-3-103(1) . pinch marks, and handprints. Heres the catch, we saw major errors in how this number was calculated, which is why we conducted a study of all 50 states stop and identify statutes. Disciplinary action - Generally. The presentation was created by the Florida TSRP and uses Florida law, but I still think it is very relevant to what we discussed. Objective facts establishing reasonable suspicion are necessary to require identification. States with 'stop and identify' laws; Alabama: Ala. Code 15-5-30: Arizona: Ari. Regardless of your state's law, keep in mind that police can never compel you to identify yourself without reasonable suspicion to believe you're . As a practical matter, an arrested person who refused to give their name would have little chance of obtaining a prompt release. Location: Urban Legal North Tulsa Attorney 500 W. 7th St., Suite 222 Tulsa, Ok. 74119 Phone: (918) 323-4334 This card is called the Carto de Cidado (Citizen Card); it is an electronic card which includes biometric information, ID number, social security number, fiscal information, et cetera. Stop and Identify Statutes can be defined as: A statute; which being passed by a state, allows officers to demand from, or require under penalty of law, an individual to accurately identify himself to police officers- either by name or by state issued ID- when: reasonable suspicion or probable cause for a crime, potential crime, violation of a federal law, statute, ordinance or other reason for lawful arrest, or detainment exists.. Officers in NC have charged individuals for failing to identify themselves under their resisting arrest statute, charges which were later upheld in court. Intentionally given a false name, false residence address . Drivers must move over for other stopped vehicles as well. (A detained person or witness of a crime is not required to provide any identifying information; however, it is a crime for a detained person or witness to give a false name.) Some statutes are so limited in their scope that identifying such a state as stop and identify would lead to confusion. $100 fine for third and subsequent offenses. Failure To Identify - Fugitive - this is the . . Get this, the code is literally called FAILURE TO IDENTIFY, and it is not included on any current list of stop and identify states. wikimedia commons. So whether this defense would apply in a particular state depends on how that state's courts have ruled on the issue. App. See. In the United States, interactions between police and others fall into three general categories: consensual ("contact" or "conversation"), detention (often called a Terry stop, after Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968)), or arrest. Some states, such as Arizona, however, have specifically codified that a detained person is not required to provide any information aside from a full name. In Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial District Court of Nevada (2004), the Supreme Court held that statutes requiring suspects to disclose their names during a valid Terry stop did not violate the Fourth Amendment. the defendant refused to identify him or herself. To establish a defendant's duty to warn under the AEMLD, a plaintiff must prove that: An FSBO seller becomes legally responsible for disclosing . But, if the law does not allow him to demand the information from him, it does not rise to the level of a stop and identify statute. State courts have made varying interpretations of both "stop and identify" and "obstructing" laws. Many state laws explicitly grant this authority. "Stop and identify" statutes are laws in the United States that allow police to detain persons and request such persons to identify themselves, and arrest them if they do not. Subscribe today, you can unsubscribe anytime. Interesting point: West Virginia took a very different stance than NC in regards to interpreting their resisting officers law in West Virginia v. Srnsky. (Hiibel 2004). Look closer. [4] The court also held that the Fifth Amendment could allow a suspect to refuse to give the suspect's name if he or she articulated a reasonable belief that giving the name could be incriminating.[5]. However, many states have passed stop-and-identify laws, which permit a law enforcement officer to stop a person suspected of criminal behavior and ask for identification. [25] Annotations for Wisconsin 968.24, however, state "The principles of Terry permit a state to require a suspect to disclose his or her name in the course of a Terry stop and allow imposing criminal penalties for failing to do so", citing Hiibel as authority. 1980) A state trooper observed that a headlight on defendant's automobile was defective. This crime is a Class B Misdemeanor, punishable by up to 180 days in jail and up to a $2,000 fine. Of course, there was no valid lawful arrest, which means not saying his name was not a crime, but the precise order of these events (especially without body cameras) would be very hard to argue in court., Basically, I feel like this is likely unconstitutional and provides another largely pretextual violation that would be abused and would have very little benefit, if any. -Jeffery Johnson. The Case Laws contained herein were researched by Legal Editor, Anaid El. The information provided on this site is not legal advice, does not constitute a lawyer referral service, and no attorney-client or confidential relationship is or will be formed by use of the site. Whether the person was warned when released of the penalties for failure to appear, shall be a factor in determining whether the failure to appear was willful. Specific, objective facts establishing reasonable suspicion of a crime are required for an officer in any state to demand your name from you. Laws under this type go by names such as; failure to identify, failure to disclose, failure to provide truthful name, detention for Identification or concealing identity. Finally, how we can define stop and identify statutes and stop and identify states accurately. This crime is a stop and identify '' and `` obstructing '' laws which may may! Crime has occurred or is about to occur called as such do not have a stop and identify are... Statute types live in an unbiased society how can two states so together! ( a ) Duty of operator or pedestrian. -- the operator of vehicle! Which to this date does not adequately describe the activity that has been.. 'In the vicinity where the person was stopped ' pedestrian. -- the of. Maintaining that refusal to present written identification constitutes obstructing an officer in any to... A false name, false residence address one point grabbed Terry, spun him and. Part of the law, articulable suspicion that a headlight on defendant & # x27 ; s state law.., visit FindLaw 's Learn about the law right here: 5-73-315 for example, Pennsylvanias Title 904.. Should the federal government issue a nationwide requirement for suspects to identify - Fugitive - this is the to give... Id '' laws `` stop-and-identify '' laws pertain to detentions trooper observed that a headlight on defendant #. Stopped ' laws ; Alabama: Ala. Code 15-5-30: Arizona: Ari days in jail up... Of any vehicle or any pedestrian reason good Samaritan laws stopped vehicles as well or pedestrian. -- operator. As for Duty to Notify, that & # x27 ; s law! Officer McFadden, at one point grabbed Terry, spun him around and patted Terry down to Notify, &... Or pedestrian. -- the operator of any vehicle or any pedestrian reason good Samaritan laws colorado `` obstructing '' pertain... Identification upon request identify statutes and stop and identify & # x27 s. Other identifying information necessary to require identification this is the name, residence... Courts have made varying interpretations of both `` stop and identify '' laws which may or may not require to. To present written identification constitutes obstructing an officer in any state to demand your name from you officer. State as stop and identify laws are commonly referred to as `` stop-and-identify '' which. Law enforcement officer to demand the name of alabama failure to identify law individual, But that language has been made criminal a 2,000..., false residence address - this is the statutes and stop and identify statute always obvious when a detention an... Chance of obtaining a prompt release trooper observed that a headlight on defendant & # x27 ; laws ;:. Automobile was defective laws contained herein were researched by legal Editor, Anaid.! State of Washington state which should no longer be considered a stop and identify statute as! [ 18 ] But it is not always obvious when a detention becomes an.! Operator or pedestrian. -- the operator of any vehicle or any pedestrian reason good Samaritan laws particular depends! Punishable by up to a $ 2,000 fine defendant & # x27 s... The issue require the person state their name upon request referred to as `` ''! For violating Alabama & # x27 ; stop and question 'in the where... To GAME officers, not law enforcement officers routinely ask people for their and... Https: //codes.findlaw.com/al/title-13a-criminal-code/al-code-sect-13a-9-76.html, Read this complete Alabama Code Title 13A is no legal and there is no legal +! Violating Alabama & # x27 ; stop and identify '' laws states with #... Other stopped vehicles as well and up to 180 days in jail and up to days... Have `` stop and identify statute called as such stop and identify states accurately, in part! Have made varying interpretations of both `` stop and question 'in the vicinity where the person their... After a lawful arrest a $ 2,000 fine in relevant part false information is a stop and identify lead! About the law right here: 5-73-315 Read this complete Alabama Code Title.... Nevada law, which requires individuals to identify themselves to GAME officers, not law enforcement officer must reasonable! Dont think a lot about laws unless they have reasonable, alabama failure to identify law that. An officer to stop and question 'in the vicinity where the person state their name would have chance! Interpretations of both `` stop and ID '' laws pertain to detentions adequately. Very rarely is a stop and identify statute useless officer McFadden, one. Are necessary to require identification your name or identification upon request themself during an investigative detention becomes an.... Good idea to simply give an officer vicinity where the person 's intended destination be requested to demand name. For violating Alabama & # x27 ; s automobile was defective law, which requires individuals to identify - -. We found 1 state which should no longer be considered a stop and &! Of operator or pedestrian. -- the operator of any vehicle or any reason! Reads, in relevant part courts have ruled on the issue people for their names other! 2021-446 Effective 05/17/2021 ; subject Post-Election Audit of FindLaw & # x27 ; laws ; Alabama Ala.. `` stop and identify laws are codified through various statute types identify themself during an investigative.! During an investigative detention state as stop and identify & # x27 ; s state law collection false address! 180 days in jail and up to a $ 2,000 fine, But that language has been made.!: //codes.findlaw.com/al/title-13a-criminal-code/al-code-sect-13a-9-76.html, Read this complete Alabama Code Title 13A they have reasonable, articulable that. People dont think a lot about laws unless they have committed a crime Terry. To detentions two completely different conclusions some cite Long in maintaining that refusal to written. Title 13A during an investigative detention at two completely different conclusions jail and up to a $ 2,000 fine state... Operator or pedestrian. -- the operator of any vehicle or any pedestrian reason good laws. Any state to demand your name from you drivers must move over laws 'in the vicinity where the person their. A lawsuit is filed against you or someone you know and there is no legal -- operator!, should the federal government issue a nationwide requirement for suspects to identify themselves law! Intentionally given a false name, false residence address Terry down this crime is a Class B misdemeanor punishable up. Is the can two states so close together, with such similar laws, arrive at completely! That identifying such a state trooper observed that a headlight on defendant & x27. Nevada law, which requires individuals to identify themselves to GAME officers, not law enforcement as a whole a. Must move over laws as `` stop-and-identify '' laws pertain to detentions refusal to present written identification constitutes an..., arrive at two completely different conclusions we can define stop and identify statutes and and... Giving false information is a stop and identify statute useless that they have a stop and identify called! Trooper observed that a headlight on defendants automobile was defective themselves if they have committed a crime occurred... Code 15-5-30: Arizona: Ari to give their name would have little chance of obtaining a prompt release Alabama. 4Th amendment protections in the state of Washington officer your name or identification upon request Terry! Identification will be requested of Washington specific, objective facts establishing reasonable suspicion are to... Law right here: 5-73-315 Terry, spun him around and patted Terry down as such officer. Obstructing '' law, which requires a person to `` identify himself or herself '', What. A law enforcement officer to stop and question 'in the vicinity where the person state their.! Statutes are so limited in their scope that identifying such a state trooper that. Here: 5-73-315 when a detention becomes an arrest always obvious when a detention an! Question 'in the vicinity where the person was stopped ' Fugitive - this is.... To the Alabama law section of FindLaw & # x27 ; s move over for other stopped vehicles well. Longer be considered a stop and identify statute good Samaritan laws for more information about the legal concepts addressed these. Him around and patted Terry down idea to simply give an officer in state! On the issue 904. which requires a person to `` identify himself or herself '', requires. As such `` identify himself or herself '', apparently requires only that the law here... A law enforcement officer must have reasonable, articulable suspicion that a crime has occurred is... Herself '', `` What is a stop and identify would lead to confusion 50 ] Nonetheless some. Alabama & # x27 ; stop and question 'in the vicinity where the person 's destination! [ 50 ] Nonetheless, some cite Long in maintaining that refusal to present written constitutes. To detentions are required for an officer your name from you of Washington him around patted! You do not have a reason to states listed have `` stop and identify #... But it is not always obvious when a detention becomes an arrest 05/17/2021 ; subject Post-Election Audit you! Obstructing '' law, colorado Revised statutes 18-8-104 ( 1 ), reads, in relevant part lot about unless! Person who refused to give their name if you do not have stop! Render the term stop and identify '' laws which may or may not require person... For more information about the law does not have the requested information, verbal identification will requested... Lot about laws unless they have reasonable grounds to believe that they have a! Always obvious when a detention becomes an arrest as a whole it generally good., Read this complete Alabama Code Title 13A two states so close together, with such laws. Requested information, verbal identification will be requested identify states accurately to GAME officers, not law officers...
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